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SPAIN | Menorca, Spain Travel Guide
Thursday, January 2, 2025
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A Brief History of Menorca
A Brief History of Menorca
Since medieval times, control of the island has bounced back and forth between the British and Spaniards. Appropriated in 123 BC by Quintus Caecilus Metellus, though never completely brought under Roman dominion, Menorca fell into the Vandals’ hands in the sixth century and by the 10th century had been incorporated into the Caliphate of Córdoba, a period in which the Moors were known to use the island as a staging ground for pirate attacks on the mainland.
Following the King Jaume I-led conquest of the island in 1232, Menorca became part of the Kingdom of Cataluña and, despite Redbeard and his Berber Corsairs’ destructive foray across the island in 1535, remained tenuously in the Kingdom until the Spanish War of Succession in 1708. Under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 at the end of the war, King Felipe V ceded the island to Britain. Aperiod of commercial prosperity ensued, then waned as the issue of ownership became a messy, all-consuming one. The island passed into the control of the French during the Seven Years’ War (1756-1763), fell back to the British under the Treaty of Paris (1763), to the Spanish, with French help, in 1782, and then was reclaimed by Britain in 1798 during its war with Spain. Finally, with the signing of the Peace of Amiens in 1802, Britain agreed to exchange control of Menorca to Spain in return for Trinidad.
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